Frequency modes of unstable spiral waves in two-dimensional Rosenzweig–MacArthur ecological networks

The existence of two frequency regimes in a two-dimensional (2D) Rosenzweig–MacArthur ecological network is debated. semi-discrete approximation differentiates the regimes, each described by 2D complex Ginzburg–Landau equation. Using standard theory linear stability analysis, generalized expression for modulational instability growth rate derived mode. parametric study reveals its sensitivity to changes recruitment resources. Moreover, direct numerical simulations are carried out confirm our analytical results. Over prolonged evolution perturbed plane wave solution, high-frequency mode entertains spiral patterns. In contrast, appearance target waves manifests low-frequency regime. that context, we further explore impact resources and give qualitative meaning obtained dynamical behaviors their implications. This work may additionally provide more insight into mechanism leading environmental systems.